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Why do people hesitate to use contact tracing apps?Social factors influencing adoption of COCOA 
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Digital contact tracing apps (e.g. COCOA) have been identified as a promising approach to control the spread of viruses, but their usage has been low. Therefore, we investigated people's attitudes about installing and using COCOA, and found that their decisions were shaped by social norms, as well as protecting themselves from financial loss, prejudice, and discrimination. We found that, even if installed, efforts to protect oneself from financial risk and prejudice may cause people not to use the app effectively. Based on this, we identify ways to address people's fears in order to encourage effective use, which is necessary to control the pandemic. The results have implications for the design of future communication technologies that address large collective goals while preserving individual rights. By realizing this, we can help overcome important social problems such as climate change and public health emergencies.
[1] J. Jamieson, N. Yamashita, D.A. Epstein, Y. Chen, “Deciding if and how to use a COVID-19 contact tracing app: Influences of social factors on individual use in Japan,” in Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 5, CSCW2, Article 481, (CSCW'21), pp. 1–30, 2021.
[2] J. Jamieson, D.A. Epstein, Y. Chen, N. Yamashita, “Unpacking intention and behavior: Explaining contact tracing app adoption and hesitancy in the United States,” in Proc. the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22), pp. 1–14, 2022.
Jack Jamieson / Interaction Research Group, Innovative Communication Laboratory