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Why does a squishily deforming object appear soft?Elucidating visual cues contributing to softness judgment 
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When humans observe the deformation of objects, they can judge the softness of those objects. However, the visual cues contributing to softness judgment have not been fully elucidated. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between motion cues during object deformation and softness judgment. Through psychophysical experiments, we found that humans use image motion statistics representing the speed and amount of deformation to judge softness. Additionally, we found that to judge its softness, humans use the visual shaking of others' fingers when the object is pressed. These findings could contribute to understanding the perceptual mechanisms of softness judgment based on vision, representing softness in online shopping, and improving realism in xR by combining tactile and visual cues.
[1] Y. Ujitoko, T. Kawabe, “Perceptual judgments for the softness of materials under indentation,” Scientific Reports, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 1761, 2022.
[2] Y. Ujitoko, T. Kawabe, “Visual estimation of the force applied by another person,” Scientific Reports, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 6216, 2022.
Yusuke Ujitoko, Sensory Interface Research Group, Human Information Science Laboratory